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}} The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is one of the few dozens of United States environmental laws passed in the 1970s, and serves as the enacting legislation to carry out the provisions outlined in The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).〔U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. ("International Affairs: CITES" ) Retrieved on 25 June 2015.〕 The ESA was signed into law by President Richard Nixon on December 28, 1973, it was designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation." The U.S. Supreme Court found that "the plain intent of Congress in enacting" the ESA "was to halt and reverse the trend toward species extinction, whatever the cost."〔("Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill" ), 437 U.S. 153 (1978) Retrieved 24 November 2015.〕 The Act is administered by two federal agencies, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). ==Listing status== Listing status and its abbreviations used in Federal Register and by federal agencies like U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service:〔(【引用サイトリンク】ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】Endangered Species Program - Species Status Codes )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 50: Wildlife and Fisheries )〕 * E = endangered (Sec.3.6, Sec.4.a ) - any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range other than a species of the Class Insecta determined by the Secretary to constitute a pest. * T = threatened (Sec.3.20, Sec.4.a ) - any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range :Other categories: * C = candidate (Sec.4.b.3 ) - a species under consideration for official listing * E(S/A), T(S/A) = endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance (Sec.4.e ) - a species not endangered or threatened, but so closely resembles in appearance a species which has been listed as endangered or threatened, that enforcement personnel would have substantial difficulty in attempting to differentiate between the listed and unlisted species. * XE, XN = experimental essential or non-essential population (Sec.10.j ) - any population (including eggs, propagules, or individuals) of an endangered species or a threatened species released outside the current range under authorization of the Secretary. Experimental, nonessential populations of endangered species are treated as threatened species on public land, for consultation purposes, and as species proposed for listing on private land. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Endangered Species Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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